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dObject Version 1.0 Class Library Reference Object-Oriented Programming Language for DBASE(tm) Copyright (c) 1991 Intelligent Systems Research All Rights Reserved dObject Version 1.0 (c) 1991 Intelligent Systems Research 1.0 dObject Class Library This section describes the class library in detail. 1.1 Array Class Message Argument(s) Description at self, Collection returns the object stored at index(es) specified by the Collection arg. Each element in the Collection arg must be of type Int. Example: a = new(Array,[3,3,3]); replace(a,[0,0,0],1); ? at(a,[0,0,0]); class self returns the String "Array" dim self returns Collection of array dimensions for self len self returns the defined size of self as Int replace self, Collection, stores Object arg at location Object within self as specified by index(es) in Collection arg. Each element in the Collection must be of type Int. Example: a = new(Array,[3,3,3]); replace(a,[0,0,0],1); ? at(a,[0,0,0]); 1.2 Nil Class Message Argument(s) Description class returns the String "Nil" clearDevice clears the current BGI graphics screen and moves CP to (0,0) in the current viewport. see Nil::clearViewPort clearMemory removes all user class definitions, method definitions, and variables from memory clearViewPort clears the current BGI viewport and moves the CP to (0,0) see Nil::clearDevice() closeAllDbfs closes all currently open Dbffile objects closeAllWindows closes all currently open Window objects currentDbf returns currently selected database as Dbffile object - 2 - Chapter 1: dObject Class Library currentNdx returns currently selected index file as Ndxfile object currentWindow returns current window as Window object date returns current system date disk returns the current disk and directory path as String inkey returns input from keyboard as Int; key codes are defined in the file "keydef.do" memory returns amount of free memory as Real osVersion returns DOS version as String readchar returns next Char from current input device restoreCrtMode restores the original CRT mode detected by initGraph setupKeyboard allow user to interactively define keyboard setup and key assignments using menu system. Allows re-definition of editor function keys. See also: String::loadConfig and String::saveConfig methods setupStatus allow user to interactively define status line text for editor, etc. sysPath returns path from where dObject was started time returns current time as String formatted as HH:MM:SS.XX where HH = hours MM = minutes SS = seconds XX = hundreths of second detectGraph returns a Collection of 2 Int values specifying the current graphics driver and mode. getDriverName returns a String containing the name of the current graphics driver. getGraphMode returns an Int containing the current graphics mode. getMaxMode returns an Int containing the maximum mode number for the currently loaded driver. graphDefaults sets the graphics system to default values: Viewport: mamimum device resolution Clipping: on Palette: default for drive Background color: 0 Drawing color: max color Fill style: solid fill Fill color: max color Line style: solid line Hardware font direction: horizontal Font - 3 - dObject Version 1.0 (c) 1991 Intelligent Systems Research size: 1 Font justification: left top Current position: home (0,0) closeGraph closes the BGI graphics system, unloads the driver from memory, and restores the CRT to its original state before initGraph() was called. restoreCrtMode restores the CRT to its original state. getX returns the x co-ordinate of the CP getY returns the y co-ordinate of the CP getMaxX returns the max X value for the current graphics driver and mode getMaxY returns the max Y value for the current graphics driver and mode getLineSettings returns collection of 3 Int args representing current line style, user-defined pattern, and thickness code as described above. getArcCoords returns a Collection of 6 Int values containing the x,y center point, x,y start pos, and x,y end pos of the arc. This is useful if you need to make a line meet at the end of an arc. getAspectRatio returns Collection of 2 Int value representing the x and y aspect ratio correction values of the current graphics mode. setAspectRatio self, Int sets the x and y aspect-ratio correction factors to self and Int arg respectively. getBkcolor self returns the current background color getColor returns the current drawing color getMaxColor returns the maximum color value available in the current graphics mode getFillPattern returns the current user-defined fill pattern as a Collection of 8 Int values. getFillSettings returns a Collection of 2 Int values; the first is the current fill pattern; the second is the current fill color getTextSettings returns Collection of 4 Int values indicating current text font, direction, size, and justification getViewSettings returns a Collection of 5 Int value specifying the left, top right, and bottom screen co-ordinates of the current viewport, and an Int - 4 - Chapter 1: dObject Class Library flag indicating if clipping is on or off. getPalette self returns a Collection containing the current palette getDefaultPaletteself returns a Collection containing the default palette getPaletteSize self returns Int size of current Palette 1.3 Int Class Message Argument(s) Description abs self returns absolute value of self as Int asString self returns self as a String asReal self returns self as a Real bitnot self returns self with NOT of each bit as Int bitand self, Int returns self ANDed with argument as Int bitor self, Int returns self ORed with argument as Int bitxor self, Int returns self XORed with argument as Int bitleft self, Int returns self left-shifted by argument as Int bitright self, Int returns self right-shifted by argument as Int cday self returns name of nth day of week as String chr self returns Char with ASCII code of self class self returns the String "Int" onError self called from dObject whenever error occurs prints error message to error window for error code of self you can re-define this method to handle errors differently executeKey self provide standard dObject key handling from within form exit self exits to dObject prompt with return code of self format self, String formats self according to format spec in String arg returns String Format codes: %d Normal decimal number. (chars and integers) %u As an unsigned integer. (chars and integers) %x As a hexadecimal number. (chars and integers). %c As a char. (chars and integers). onApplicationKeyself, Exp evaluates Exp whenever application - 5 - dObject Version 1.0 (c) 1991 Intelligent Systems Research key with number of self is pressed within text editor. operator(+) self, Int return self plus argument operator(-) self, Int returns self minus argument operator(*) self, Int returns self multiplied by argument operator(==) self, Int returns true if self is equal to argument operator(!=) self, Int returns true if self is not equal to argument operator(+) self, Real returns self plus argument as Real operator(+) self, Int returns self plus argument as Int operator(-) self, Real returns self minus argument as Real operator(-) self, Int returns self minus argument as Int operator(-) self returns negative of self as Int operator(*) self, Real returns self multiplied by argument as Real operator(*) self, Int returns self multiplied by argument as Int operator(/) self, Real returns self divided by argument as Real operator(/) self, Int returns self divided by argument as Int operator(<) self, Int returns true if self less than argument operator(>) self, Int returns true if self greater than argument operator(<=) self, Int returns true if self less than or equal to argument operator(>=) self, Int returns true if self greater or equal to argument operator(<) self, Real returns true if self less than argument operator(>) self, Real returns true if self greater than argument operator(<=) self, Real returns true if self less than or equal to argument operator(>=) self, Real returns true if self greater or equal to argument say self, Int, Char writes Char to current window at y, x of self, Int arg max self, Int returns max of self and argument as Int min self, Int returns min of self and argument as Int random self returns random number as Int with self as modulus randomInit self initializes random number generator with self as seed setWriteMode self sets the writing mode for line drawing if self = 0, line color will overwrite what is on screen if self = 1, line color with be - 6 - Chapter 1: dObject Class Library XOR'd with screen sleep self sleeps for number of milliseconds in self sound self, Int generates sound of self ms duration with frequency = Int arg space self returns blank String of length=self textMode self, Int sets text mode where number of rows = self and number of columns = Int arg, depending on hardware normally set to 25,80 Example: on a VGA, you can use textMode(50,80); getPixel self, Int returns the pixel color at location x,y specified by self and Int arg putPixel self, Int, Int sets the pixel at location x,y (self, Int arg) to color specified by second Int arg getImage self, Int returns image stored at x,y of self, Int arg imageSize self, Int, Int, Int returns an Int number of bytes necessary to store a rectangular area of the screen. Args are left, top, right, and bottom co-ordinates of the region. putImage self, Int, Image, writes an image to the screen at Int x,y of self, first Int arg. Second Int arg specifies how bits of the image will be combined with bits already on the screen: copy = 0, xor = 1, or = 2, and = 3, not = 4. setViewPort self, Int, Int, Int,sets the current viewport to the Int absolute screen co-ordinates left, top, right, bottom corresponding to the self argument and the first three Int arguments respectively. The final Int arg is a flag indicating if clipping is on or off (0 = off,1 = on). setActivePage self sets the active graphics page to page number of self. setVisualPage self sets the visible graphics page to page number of self. setTextJustify self, Int sets justification to horizontal code of self and vertical code of Int arg. Horizontal values: 0=left,1=center,2=right Vertical values: 0=bottom,1=top setTextStyle self, Int, Int sets current text font to self; sets current direction to first Int arg, and current char size to second Int arg. Text direction codes are 0=horizontal (left to - 7 - dObject Version 1.0 (c) 1991 Intelligent Systems Research right), 1=vertical (bottom to top). setUserCharSizeself, Int, Int, Int sets width and height ratio for stroked fonts. Sets scale factors for x width, x height, y width, and y height to self and the 3 Int args respectively. setFillStyle self, Int sets the current fill pattern to the predefined pattern with a code of self and the current fill color to the Int arg. Pattern codes are: 0 (EMPTY_FILL) - fill with background color 1 (SOLID_FILL) - solid fill 2 (LINE_FILL) - fill with ---- 3 (LTSLASH_FILL) - fill with /// 4 (SLASH_FILL) - fill with ///, thick lines 5 (BKSLASH_FILL) - fill with backslash, thick lines 6 (LTBACKSLASH_FILL) - fill with backslash 7 (HATCH_FILL) - light hatch fill 8 (XHATCH_FILL) - heavy cross hatch fill 9 (INTERLEAVE_FILL) - interleaving line fill 10 (WIDE_DOT_FILL) - widely spaced dot fill 11 (CLOSE_DOT_FILL) - closely spaced dot fill 12 (USER_FILL) - user-defined fill pattern (see Collection::setFillPattern()) floodFill self, Int, Int fills an enclosed area on the graphics screen. Self and the first Int arg form a "seek point": within the enclosed area to be filled. The are bounded by the color indicated in the second Int arg is flooded with the current fill pattern and fill color. If the seed point is within an enclosed area, the the inside will be filled. If the seed is outside the enclosed the area, then the exterior will be filled. setBkColor self sets the current background color to self setColor self sets the current drawing color to self setPalette self, Int changes the color value stored under self to the color in the Int arg rectangle self, Int, Int, Int draws a rectangle in the current line style, thickness, and drawing color. Arguments are left, top, - 8 - Chapter 1: dObject Class Library right, and bottom co-ordinates of the rectangle to draw (from (left,top) to (right,bottom)). bar self, Int, Int, Int draws a rectangular bar in the current line style, thickness, and drawing color, and fills it using the current fill pattern and fill color. Arguments are left, top, right, and bottom co-ordinates of the rectangle to draw (from (left,top) to (right,bottom)). bar3d self, Int, Int, Int,draws a rectangular 3-D bar in Int, Int the current line style, thickness, and drawing color, and fills it using the current fill pattern and fill color. Arguments are left, top, right, and bottom co-ordinates of the rectangle to draw (from (left,top) to (right,bottom)), the depth of the bar, and a flag indicating if a top to the bar should be drawn (0=no, 1=yes). ellipse self, Int, Int, Int,draws an ellipse in the current Int, Int) drawing color. Args are center point X,Y, start angle, end angle, and X and Y radius. fillEllipse self, Int, Int, Int)draws an ellipse and fills it with the current fill pattern in the current fill color. Args are X, Y, X radius, and Y radius. pieSlice self, Int, Int, Int,draws and fills a pie slice using Int current fill pattern and drawing color. Arguments are X,Y center, start angle, end angle, and radius. pieSliceXY self, Int, Int, Int,draws and fills an elliptical pie Int, Int slice using current fill pattern and drawing color. Arguments are X,Y center, start angle, end angle, X radius, and Y radius. setAspectRatio self, Int sets the x and y aspect-ratio correction factors to self and Int arg respectively. arc self, Int, Int, Int,draws a circular arc in the current Int drawing color. Arguments are X,Y center, start angle, end angle, and radius. circle self, Int, Int draws a circle in the current drawing color. Arguments are X,Y of center, and radius. setLineStyle self, Int, Int sets the current line style to the code in self; sets the current - 9 - dObject Version 1.0 (c) 1991 Intelligent Systems Research pattern to the first Int arg code, and the current thickness to the second Int arg. Line style codes are 0=solid,1=dotted, 2=center, 3=dashes, 4=user-defined. You can define a line style by using a 16-bit pattern in the first Int arg, where whenver a bit in the pattern is set to one, the corresponding pixel in the line is drawn in the current drawing color. For example, a solid line is represented by the value $FFFF (all one's), and a dashed line is $3333 or $0F0F. Thickness codes in the second Int arg are 0=1 pixel wide, 3=3 pixels wide. line self, Int, Int, Int draws a line in the current drawing color. Arguments are X,Y of start point and X,Y of end point. linerel self, Int draws a line in the current drawing color from current position to relative offset of self, Int arg. lineto self, Int draws a line in the current drawing color from current position to X,Y position of self, Int arg. moveTo self, Int moves the CP to X,Y of self, Int arg moveRel self, Int moves the CP the X,Y relative distance getModeName self returns a String containing the graphics mode name for the mode with Int code of self. getModeRange self returns a Collection of 2 Int values specifying the min and max mode values for the graphics driver with Int code of self. setGraphMode self changes the graphics mode to self. outTextXY self, Int, String outputs String arg to x,y location of self, Int arg in current font, style, and size 1.4 Long Class Message Argument(s) Description asAddress self returns self converted to Address asInt self returns self converted to Int asReal self returns self converted to Real class self returns the String "Long" operator(+) self, Long returns self plus argument as Long - 10 - Chapter 1: dObject Class Library operator(-) self, Long returns self minus argument as Long operator(-) self returns negative of self as Long operator(*) self, Long returns self multiplied by argument as Long operator(/) self, Long returns self divided by argument as Long 1.5 Real Class Message Argument(s) Description abs self returns absolute value of self as Real asInt self returns self converted to Int asDate self returns Date having julian number of self asLong self returns self converted to Long asString self returns self as a String class self returns the String "Real" cos self returns cosine of self as Real; self in radians format self, String formats self into String using format contained in String arg Format codes: %g Reals in shortest posible format (default for reals) %e Reals in exponetial notation %f Reals in fixed notation max self, Real returns max of self and argument as Real min self, Real returns min of self and argument as Real operator(+) self, Real returns self plus argument as Real operator(+) self, Int returns self plus argument as Real operator(-) self, Real returns self minus argument as Real operator(-) self, Int returns self minus argument as Real operator(-) self returns negative of self as Real operator(*) self, Real returns self multiplied by argument as Real operator(*) self, Int returns self multiplied by argument as Real operator(/) self, Real returns self divided by argument as Real operator(/) self, Int returns self divided by argument as Real operator(<) self, Real returns true if self less than argument operator(>) self, Real returns true if self greater than argument operator(<=) self, Real returns true if self less than or equal to argument operator(>=) self, Real returns true if self greater than or equal to argument - 11 - dObject Version 1.0 (c) 1991 Intelligent Systems Research operator( returns self raised to power in self, Real Real arg operator(==) self, Real returns true if self is equal to argument operator(!=) self, Real returns true if self is not equal to argument sin self returns sine of self as Real; self in radians sqrt self returns square root of self as Real tan self returns tangent of self as Real; self in radians trunc self returns self truncated after decimal point 1.6 String Class Message Argument(s) Description operator(==) self, String returns true if self is equal to argument operator(!=) self, String returns true if self is not equal to argument operator(<) self, String returns true if self less than argument operator(>) self, String returns true if self greater than argument operator(<=) self, String returns true if self less than or equal to argument operator(>=) self, String returns true if self greater than or equal to argument operator(+) self, String returns self concatenated with argument operator($) self, String returns true if argument is substring of self accept self prints self as prompt to current window returns String read as input from keyboard asDate self, String returns Date resulting from conversion of self under format specified by String arg asExp self returns Exp parsed from text in self asId self returns self as an Exp of type ID (like #a); asInt self returns self as an Int asLogical self returns self as Logical (self must be "T" or "F") asLong self returns self as Long asLower self returns self with all lowercase char asUpper self returns self with all uppercase char - 12 - Chapter 1: dObject Class Library at self, Int returns character at position indicated by argument createDbf self, Collection returns Dbffile of new DBASE file created with name of self and fields defined in Collection arg class self returns the String "String" cursorstate self sets cursor to on/off state specified in self ("on" or "off") deleteFile self deletes the DOS file with name specified by self dir self, String returns filename selected from directory menu as String with directory path in "self" and file pattern in argument disk self sets the current disk and directory to path in self display self displays self in current window do self executes statements in file with filename of self envSymbol self returns value of DOS symbol specified by self edit self calls editor on self in current window editFile self calls editor on contents of file with filename of self errorMessage self, Int returns String error message from error file in filename specified in self Int arg = error number to find message for existFile self returns logical T if file with name of self exists else returns logical F fileString self returns contents of file with filename of self as String format self, String returns String arg formatted using format spec in self Format codes: %s Strings. help self displays hypertext help for topic=self installUserDriverself installs third-party BGI driver with filename of self returns Int driver number of installed driver installUserFontself installs thirt-party BGI font with filename of self returns Int font number of installed font len self returns length of self as Int loadConfig self load keyboard config from .CFG file with filename of self match self, String returns String that matches self against GREP pattern in String arg. Special characters: ' start-of-line anchor '$' - 13 - dObject Version 1.0 (c) 1991 Intelligent Systems Research end-of-line anchor '.' matches any character '[' start a character class ']' end a character class ' negates character class if 1st char '*' Keene closure (matches 0 or more) '+' positive closure (1 or more) '?' optional closure (0 or more) mkdir self creates DOS directory with path specified in self replace self, Char, Char replaces every instance of first char within self with second char. Replaces string in-place (does not simply return a copy of self) reverse self returns self with characters in reverse order saveConfig self save current keyboard config in .CFG file with filename of self set self returns the value of the SET variable named by self set self, Value sets the SET variable named by self to Value Example: set("echo", T); split self returns Collection of 3 Strings containing split of self into path, filename, and file extension system self, Int executes DOS command in self Int arg=0 do not reset video Int arg=1 reset video to state it was in before DOS cmd returns the Int DOS error code returned by the command token self returns a Collection of 2 Strings first String is the next token within self second String is resulting string (self without first token) Example: token("1 2 3"); returns ["1","2 3 "] trim self returns self with trailing blanks trimmed wrap self, Int, Char returns self word wrapped Int arg = max column width to word wrap for Char arg = char to embed at word wrap points outText self outputs a string to the current graphics position (CP). textHeight self returns height of self in pixels as Int textWidth self returns width of self in pixels as Int - 14 - Chapter 1: dObject Class Library 1.7 Char Class Message Argument(s) Description asc self returns Int numeric value of self asLower self returns self converted to lower case asUpper self returns self converted to upper case class self returns the string "Char" diskspace self returns Real number of bytes on disk with drive letter of self unread self pushes self back into keyboard buffer 1.8 Logical Class Message Argument(s) Description class self returns the string "Logical" operator(&) self, Logical returns true if self and arg are true operator(|) self, Logical returns true if self or arg is true operator(!) self returns logical NOT of self 1.9 Date Class Message Argument(s) Description asString self, String returns String of self formatted as specified in String arg Codes: CC 2-digit century, YY 2-digit year, MM 2-digit month MMM 3-char month, DD 2-digit day Examples: YY.MM.DD, CCYY.MM.DD, MM/DD/YY, DD-MM/YY, DD-MM/CCYY, MMM DD/YY asJulian self returns julian number of self as Real class self returns the String "Date" cmonth self returns name of month of self as String day self returns day of self as Int dow self returns number of day of week of self as Int month self returns month of self as Int operator(+) self, Int returns date of self plus number of days in argument operator(-) self, Int returns date of self minus number of days in argument operator(==) self, Date returns true if self is equal to argument operator(!=) self, Date returns true if self is not equal - 15 - dObject Version 1.0 (c) 1991 Intelligent Systems Research to argument operator(<) self, Date returns true if self less than argument operator(>) self, Date returns true if self greater than argument operator(<=) self, Date returns true if self less than or equal to argument operator(>=) self, Date returns true if self greater or equal to argument setDay self, Int returns self with day = argument setMonth self, Int returns self with month = argument setYear self, Int returns self with year = argument year self returns year of self as Int 1.10 Collection Class Message Argument(s) Description append self, Object appends Object arg to end of self at self, Int returns object at position specified by Int arg avg self returns average of all elements in self class self returns the string "Collection" head self returns first element of self insert self, Object inserts Object arg at front of self intersect self, Collection returns intersection of self and Collection arg len self returns the number of elements in self as Int max self returns maximum element in self min self returns minimum element in self operator(+) self, Object returns self with Object arg appended operator($) self, Object returns Logical .T. if Object arg is in self remove self, Object returns self with every occurrence of Object arg deleted replace self, Object, Objectreturns self with every occurrence of first Object arg replaced by second Object arg reverse self returns self in reverse order sort self returns self with elements in ascending order subset self, Collection returns Logical .T. if Collection arg is a subset of self; else returns logical .F. sum self returns all elements in self added tail self returns self without first element union self, Collection returns union of self and Collection arg unique self returns Collection with distinct - 16 - Chapter 1: dObject Class Library elements in self only drawPoly self draws a polygon with as many points as Int value pairs in the collection; each Int pair is an x,y co-ordinate of a vertex on the polygon. fillPoly self draws a polygon with as many points as Int value pairs in the collection and fills it using the current fill style and fill color; each Int pair is an x,y co-ordinate of a vertex on the polygon. setAllPalette self sets list of new palette colors. self must be a Collection of 8 Int values specifying the colors. setFillPattern self, Int sets the current fill pattern to a user-defined Collection of 8 Int color values. Each Int value represents a byte of 8 pixels; whenever a bit in the pixel pattern is set to 1, the corresponding pixel will be plotted. The Int arg is the fill color to use. 1.11 Menu Class Message Argument(s) Description choice self, Int returns index of choice picked when menu is executed menu bar is positioned at choice number indicated by Int arg menu is left displayed in current window (see Menu::remove()) class self returns the String "Menu" remove self removes self from screen window self returns the Window associated with self 1.12 Linemenu Class Message Argument(s) Description choice self returns index of choice picked when menu is executed menu is left displayed in current window (see Linemenu::remove()) class self returns the String "Linemenu" remove self removes self from screen - 17 - dObject Version 1.0 (c) 1991 Intelligent Systems Research 1.13 Window Class Message Argument(s) Description class self returns the string "Window" clear self clears text in self clearGets self removes all SAY and GET fields within self clearKeys self removes all onKey definitions for self contents self returns String containing current Window contents currentField self returns Field object that is current for full screen input mode draw self draws all SAY and GET fields within self but does not read them firstField self returns first GET Field defined for self. See Window::read, Window::nextField, Window::prevField. gotoField self, Field positions cursor at beginning of field and enters full screen input mode. See Window::read. nextField self returns Field immediately after current input Field. see Window::read, Window::firstField, Window::prevField. onKey self, Int, Exp called from Window::read() method whenever a key is pressed from within the form; default is to call Int::executeKey() but can be re-defined to allow application to trap certain keys Int arg = key to trap Exp arg = expression to evaluate when key equal to Int arg is pressed prevField self returns Field immediately prior to current input Field. see Window::read, Window::firstField, Window::nextField. read self draws all SAY and GET fields. Positions cursor at first GET field and enters full screen input mode. The following keys are active: Esc - exits the form and returns to dObject> prompt Home - Positions the current DBF file at the first record and displays it End - Positions the current DBF file at the last record and displays it PgUp - Positions the - 18 - Chapter 1: dObject Class Library current DBF file at the previous record and displays it PgDn - Positions the current DBF file at the next record and displays it Tab - Positions the cursor at the beginning of the next display field Up - Positions the cursor up one line Down - Positions the cursor down one line Right - Positions the cursor right one space within current display field Left - Positions the cursor left one space within the current display field F10 - exits the form and returns to dObject> prompt remove self removes self from the screen resize self allows user to interactively resize self using arrow keys resize self, Int, Int, Int,change size of self to y, x, ylen, Int xlen Int args say self, Int, Int, displays Value argument within self Value, Int, Int Int arg #1 = y coordinate of field Int arg #2 = x coordinate of field Value arg = value to disp Int arg#3 = length of field Int arg#4 = color attribute of field sayExp self, Int, Int, Exp,displays Exp argument within self Int, Int but waits until "read" is issued before evaluating Exp Int arg #1 = y coordinate of field Int arg #2 = x coordinate of field Value arg = value to disp Int arg#3 = length of field Int arg#4 = color attribute of field scroll self, Int, Int scrolls self in Y,X direction of Int args select self makes self the current Window. see Nil::currentWindow. setupColor self, Int interactively change window color based on menu choice Int arg=0 setup window color Int arg=1 setup frame color setFrame self, Int, String, sets frame characteristics Int Int, String arg #1 = frame color (attribute) String arg #1 = window title Int arg #1 = position of start of title (255 = center) String arg #2 = characters in frame string setTitle self, String returns self with title = argument setPosition self, Int, Int, Int,returns self with position = Int Int arguments (x, y, length, height) - 19 - dObject Version 1.0 (c) 1991 Intelligent Systems Research title self returns String containing title of self 1.14 Dbffile Class Message Argument(s) Description asCollection self returns array of values of argument expression evaluated for each record in self that is true for the current filter expression avg self, Exp returns average value of Exp evaluated across all records blank self fills the current record buffer for self with blanks class self returns the String "Dbffile" close self closes the .DBF file for self; returns nil bot self positions current record at bottom of file using current index file. If no index is open, go to physical last record in self Returns 0 if OK, 3 if EOF, -1 if Error clearIndexes self closes all open index files associated with self returns Int 0 if OK, -1 if error clearRelation self Removes all relationships for self (see Dbffile::setRelation()) returns Int 0 if OK, -1 if error createIndex self, String, creates a new DBASE index file on String, Int, Int self String arg1 = name of index to create String arg2 = text for expression to evaluate for index Int arg1 = unique flag 1=unique 0=not unique Int arg2 = safety flag 1=do not remove existing file with this name 0=remove any existing file with this name returns Int reference number of index created if OK, -1 if error date self returns creation date of self decimals self, String returns Int number of decimals in field named in String arg delete self, Long deletes record number = Long arg within self eof self returns Logical .T. if current record is at end of file; else returns Logical .F. fieldString self returns the internal buffer for field name = String arg as String at current record of self; can be - 20 - Chapter 1: dObject Class Library used to determine if named field is blank or empty go self, Long returns self with current record at record number specified by arg htExpand self, Ndxfile, Int, expands text into hypertext self Int, String arg = DBASE file containing topic and text fields to use as hypertext dictionary Ndxfile arg = DBASE index on topic field Int arg#1 = color to highlight topics with in expanded text Int arg#2 = length of topic field String arg#1 = normal text to be expanded into hypertext Returns String containing hypertext insert self, Long The record in the record buffer becomes the record number indicated by the Long arg. All of the former records starting at this position are copied forward one record to insert the new record. All of the open index files for self are then reindexed to maintain their correct record numbers. Returns 0 if OK, -1 if error. locate self, String, Value locates record with field of name in String arg and value of Value arg through sequential search starting at current record lock self, Int, Int attempts to lock self; returns 0 if successful if argument#1 is 0, locks record if argument#1 is 1, locks entire file if argument#2 is 0, waits until lock succeeds if argument#s is 1, does not wait max self, Exp returns maximum value of Exp evaluated for all records in file min self, Exp returns minimum value of Exp evaluated for all records in file name self returns filename of self numFields self returns Int number of fields in self numRecords self returns Long number of records in self pack self, Long, Long deletes records in self from recno=first arg to recno=second arg recall self, Long recalls record number = Long arg from being deleted recno self returns Long current record number of self seek self, Object goes to record number in self that - 21 - dObject Version 1.0 (c) 1991 Intelligent Systems Research matches Object arg by doing a binary search of currently selected .NDX file returns Int values: 0 exact match with key was found 1 partial match 2 key not found; position is on record after where key should be in Dbffile 3 end of file -1 error select self selects self as current database returns Int ref number of self setFilter self, Exp returns self with filter set to argument Future operations on self will only process records that cause Exp to evaluate to Logical .T. Example: d = new(Dbffile,"test"); setFilter(d,#recno(d) > 5); setRelation self, String, Int, Creates a relationship between a Int, Int controlling database and self. When self is repositioned, the expression in the String arg is looked up in the index file to move to a record in the related database. If no index file is specified the expression should return a Long value that is used as the record number to go to in the related database. String arg = text for expression to evaluate as described above Int arg1 = database reference number for related database Int arg2 = index reference number of index to use (-1 if no index) Int arg3 = Missing code; specifies action to take if record not found in related database =0 use blank record =1 generate error message >=1 default record number Returns Int 0 if OK, -1 if error skip self, Long increments current record position by argument structure self returns Collection of field definitions for self (see Dbffile::create()) sum self, Exp returns sum of Exp evaluated for all records in file top self positions current record in self at top of file using current index If no index is open, go to physical first record in self returns 0 if OK, -1 if error - 22 - Chapter 1: dObject Class Library unlock self, Int attempts to unlock self If Int argument is 0 unlocks record; else unlocks file returns Int 0 if OK, -1 if error width self, String returns width of field specified by argument as Int write self, Long write the contents of the current record to file at record number indicated by Long arg. If Long arg = 0, append new record at end of file. Returns 0 if OK, -1 if error zap self, Long, Long delete records in file from record number specified in first Long arg up to record number specified by second Long arg Returns 0 if OK, -1 if error 1.15 Ndxfile Class Message Argument(s) Description bot self positions current record of self at bottom class self returns the String "Ndxfile" close self closes the .NDX file for self lock self, Int locks self Int arg = wait flag =0 do not wait if file is locked by another user =1 keep trying (once per second) if file is locked returns 0 if OK, -1 if error, -2 if file is locked by another user and wait=0 was specified reindex self reindexes self returns 0 if OK, -1 if error select self selects self as current index file returns Int ref number of self skip self, Long skips the number of records in self indicate by Long arg returns 0 if OK, -1 if error top self positions current record of self at top of file returns 0 if OK, -1 if error type self returns Char type of self using DBASE conventions for type C=char , D=date, N=numeric, M=memo unlock self unlocks self; returns Int 0 if OK, -1 if error - 23 - dObject Version 1.0 (c) 1991 Intelligent Systems Research 1.16 File Class Message Argument(s) Description class self returns the String "File" close self closes self; returns nil flush self flushes self; returns nil readDevice self sets current input device to self seek self, Int, Int sets byte position within self using offset in first Int arg second Int arg = offset position flag =0 offset from beginning of file =1 offset from current position =2 offset from end of file writeDevice self sets current output device to self 1.17 Exp Class Message Argument(s) Description class self returns the String "Exp" eval self evaluates self and returns value inherit self, Exp, creates new class with parent class Collection specified in self Exp arg = ID name of new class Collection arg = collection of String(s) specifying names of class variables in the new class Example: inherit(Int, Newint, ["i"]); friend self, Exp defines class in Exp arg as a friend of class in self (both arguments must be of type ID) allows class in Exp arg access to variables and private methods for class in self name self returns String that is name of Exp if Exp is of type ID new self... returns a new object of type specified by self (self=ID). Arguments depend on class type. Example: i = new(Int, 1); r = new(Real, 1.1); l = new(Logical, T); w = new(Window, 1, 31, 3, " title ", 0, 0, 24, 80); db = new(Dbffile, "help"); ndx = new(Ndxfile, db, "help"); arr = new(Array,[3,3,3]); coll = new(Collection); file = new(File,"prn:",1,0,0); m = new(Linemenu,1,5,54,54,[1,2,3,4,5,6], - 24 - Chapter 1: dObject Class Library ["first","second","third","fourth","fifth","sixth"]); release self release variable named by self. Example: release(#a); releaseClass self releases all class definitions, all variables, and all method definitions for class named by self. Example: releaseClass(Newint); 1.18 Address Class Message Argument(s) Description asLong self returns self as Long value operator(*) self returns contents at address of self as Object 1.19 Object Class Message Argument(s) Description parent self returns parent object of self if self is NOT a base class slot self, String returns value of class variable within self with name = String argument. This method only works from within methods defined for self's class ! operator(&) self returns address of self as Address object replace self, Object replaces value of self with Object arg 1.20 Field Class Message Argument(s) Description attr self returns the color attribute of self class self returns the String "Field" col self returns the column position of self name self returns the name of self num self returns the field number of self onKey self, Int, Exp called from Window::read() method whenever a key is pressed from within the form; default is to call Int::executeKey() but can be re-defined to allow application to trap certain keys Int arg = key to trap Exp arg = expression to evaluate when key equal to Int arg is pressed - 25 - dObject Version 1.0 (c) 1991 Intelligent Systems Research row self returns the row position of self setPicture self, String sets the picture for self to String arg. Special characters in format: ! Converts letters to uppercase; accepts all characters A Allows letters only L Translates characters to logical values (T, t, F, f, Y, y, N, n) N Allows letters and numbers 9 Allows digits only X Allows numbers, spaces, signs, and decimal points only - 26 -